Lathe Machine Maintenance & Safety

‘Maintenance & Safety’

The primary objective of the maintenance is to ensure the machine tools, instruments, tools and accessories in good working condition. It is also necessary to ensure safety to both the machine tools and the operator. The accuracy and efficiency of the lathe machine or any machine tools and the instruments are also to be maintained properly. By performing maintenance, we can avoid accidents inside the workshop and increase the production capacity.

Here are the few important and critical points to ensure General & Mechanical Safety:

1. Protect your eyes: wear safety glasses.
2. Make sure your work area is free from chips, coolant & air-hoses or anything that can get in your way and cause you slip or fall.
3. Make sure that cutting tools and work holding equipment are tight before running the spindle and slide.
4. All maintenance and repair work should be done with power-off.
5. Check grease under the bearing covers after every fortnight.
6. Fill the Oil Cups daily and at the mid of the shift.
7. It is critical that you make sure that there is oil in the Head Stock & Feed Box.
8. Always oil your machine before and after use. Do not leave metal chips and cutting fluid on the guide-ways.
9. Keep the machine clean and away the tools, gauges from getting damaged.
10. Save the slide ways and unpainted surfaces from rust.

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Basic Understanding of Turning on Lathe Machine

Turning Basics

Atop the cross slide is the "compound rest," which can be rotated to any angle and secured. The compound rest also holds the "tool post," where tools are mounted. Tools may also be mounted in the Tail Stock for end-working operations.

External turning can be broken down into a number of basic operations. "Straight turning" reduces the work to a specified diameter equally along the work’s axis. "Taper turning" produces a taper along the axis of the work piece. Tapers are produced by either offsetting the Tail Stock from center line or by using a taper attachment. Some short, steep tapers can be obtained by using the compound rest alone.

Contour turning or profiling uses a single-point cutting tool to reproduce a surface contour from a template. Forming uses a cutting tool ground with the form or geometry of the desired shape. This forming tool is advanced perpendicular to the axis of the work to reproduce its shape on the work piece. Other external lathe operations include "chamfering" to remove sharp edges, "grooving" to produce recesses and shoulders, "facing" to finish the ends of a work piece, "parting" to cut off finished pieces from the stock, and "thread chasing" with tools to produce the desired thread form.

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